Page 84 - Understanding NCERT Histroy 09th

6. Who were Nordic German Aryans?
Ans. One branch of those people who were classified as Aryans. They lived in north European
countries and had German or related origin, extended empire. Nazis wanted only a society
of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans’.
Goyal Brothers Prakashan
7. Who were the gypsies?
Ans. Gypsies are believed to have arrived in Europe from northern India in the 1400s. They were
called Gypsies because Europeans thought they came from Egypt. This ethnic minority is
made up of distinct groups called “tribes” or “nations.” Most of the Gypsies in German-
occupied Europe belonged to the Sinti and Roma tribes.
8. What was Hitler’s view on German youth?
Ans. Hitler was fanatically interested in the youth of the country. He felt that a strong Nazi society
could be established only by teaching children Nazi ideology. This required a control over
the child both inside and outside school.
9. Explain any three main features of the foreign policy of Hitler.
Ans. l On 30th January 1933, Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany and established
dictatorship.
l Right from the beginning, he followed a policy of aggression and war towards other
countries.
l He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933, reoccupied Rhineland in 1936 and
integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan ‘One people,One empire,
One leader’.

10. The Peace Treaty at Versailles with the Allies was a harsh and humiliating peace treaty.
Explain the statement with examples.
Ans. l In the First World War, Germany was defeated. The peace Treaty at Versailles with
the Allies was a harsh and humiliating peace treaty.
l Germany lost its overseas colonies and also much of its territories in Europe.
l Germany lost 75% of its iron and 26% of its coal to France and other countries.
l The Allied Powers demilitarised Germany to weaken its power. Germany was forced
to pay compensation amounting to 6 billion Pound.
l The Allied forces occupied the resources rich Rhineland till the 1920s.
11. Explain the three fold plan of Hitler after becoming Chancellor of Germany to consolidate
the Nazi power.
Ans. l Hitler’s three fold plan comprised of capturing the legal authority to rule, crushing the
country’s political opposition and eliminating rivals within the party.
In the pursuit of first, he used the Reichstag fire incident to clamp down the
Communists. He armed himself with the emergency powers and murdered and jailed
eminent communist leaders and suppressed civil liberties.
l In March 1933, the German Reichstag passed the Enabling laws which transferred all
the powers from the Reichstag to the government headed by himself.
l Further, Hitler turned his attention to the rival political parties. He outlawed all existing
and potential opposition institutions. By July 1933, the Nazis were the only legitimate
party in Germany.

12. When did Hitler formally announce his violation of the Treaty of Versailles?
What reason did he give for this?
Ans. l Hitler formally announced his violation of the Treaty of Versailles in March 1935.

History Class IX H-75