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(ii) A ray of light passing
                                                                                    through a principal
                                                                                    focus, after refraction
                                                                                    from a convex lens, will
                                                                                    emerge parallel to the
                                                                                    principal axis. This is
                                                                                    shown in Fig. 9.14 (a). A
                             (a)                             (b)                    ray of light appearing to
                                                                                    meet at the principal
                                        Figure 9.149.14
                                        Figure 9.14
                                        Figure 9.14
                                        Figure
                                        Figure  9.14                                focus of a concave lens,
                                                                                    after refraction, will
                                                                                    emerge parallel to the
                                                                                    principal axis. This is
                                                                                    shown in Fig.9.14 (b).
                                                                               (iii) A ray of light passing
                                                                                    through the optical
                                                                                    centre of a lens will
                                                                                    emerge without any
                                                                                    deviation.    This    is
                            (a)                             (b)                     illustrated in Fig.9.15(a)
                                       Figure 9.159.15
                                       Figure
                                       Figure 9.15                                  and Fig.9.15 (b).
                                       Figure
                                       Figure 9.15
                                              9.15
                                        The ray diagrams for the image formation in a convex lens for a few
                                     positions of the object are shown in Fig. 9.16. The ray diagrams
                                     representing the image formation in a concave lens for various positions
                                     of the object are shown in Fig. 9.17.







































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