Page 44 - Understanding Economics for Class 10

cost. In this way, the government supports both farmers and consumers.
 Government has to spend on activities that are the primary responsibility of the government.
 Example: Providing health and education facilities.
 India’s size of illiterate population is one of the largest in the world so it is the duty
Goyal Brothers Prakashan
of the government to run proper schools and providing quality education, particularly
elementary education.
 Nearly half of India’s children are malnourished and a quarter of them are critically
ill. The infant mortality rate of Odisha (40) or Madhya Pradesh (48) is higher than
some of the poorest regions of the world. So it is the duty of the government to
ensure better health facilities in the country.
 Focus on human development aspects such as availability of safe drinking water,
housing facilities for the poor and food and nutrition is also required.
 Taking care of the poorest and most ignored regions of the country through increased
spending in such areas is also the duty of the government.

EXERCISES

1. Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket:
(i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production.
(has / has not)
(ii) Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural)
(iii) Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
(iv) A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector.
(large / small)
(v) Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. [natural /manufactured]
(vi) The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are________ [independent /
interdependent]
Ans. (i) has not (ii) tertiary (iii) organized (iv) large
(v) natural, manufactured (vi) interdependent

2. Choose the most appropriate answer.
(a) The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:
(i) employment conditions (ii) the nature of economic activity
(iii) ownership of enterprises (iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise
(b) Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector.
(i) primary (ii) secondary
(iii) tertiary (iv) information technology
(c) GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year.
(i) all goods and services
(ii) all final goods and services
(iii) all intermediate goods and services
(iv) all intermediate and final goods and services
(d) In terms of GDP the share of tertiary sector in 2013-14 is between _________ per cent.
(i) 20 to 30 (ii) 30 to 40 (iii) 50 to 60 (iv) 60 to 70
Ans. (a) (iii) ownership of enterprises (b) (i) Primary
(c) (ii) all final goods and services (d) (iv) 60 to 70

E-38 Economics Class X