Page 48 - Understanding NCERT Histroy 09th

The people involved were the parliamentarians, workers, women workers, soldiers and
military commanders.
Effects
• Restrictions on public meetings and associations were removed.
Goyal Brothers Prakashan
• Soviets were set up everywhere.
• In individual areas, factory committees were formed which began questioning the way
industrialists ran their factories.

• Soldiers’ committees were formed in the army.
• The provisional government saw its power declining and Bolshevik influence grew. It
decided to take stern measures against the spreading discontent.
• It resisted attempts by workers to run factories and arrested leaders.

• Peasants and the socialist revolutionary leaders pressed for a redistribution of land. Land
committees were formed and peasants seized land between July and September 1917.
October Revolution

• 16th October 1917 — Lenin persuaded the Petrograd Soviet and Bolshevik Party to
agree to a socialist seizure of power. A Military Revolutionary Committee was appointed
by the Soviet to organise seizure.
• Uprising began on 24th October. Prime Minister Kerensky left the city to summon
troops.
• Military men loyal to the government seized the buildings of two Bolshevik newspapers.
Pro-government troops were sent to take over telephone and telegraph offices and protect
the Winter Palace.
• In response Military Revolutionary Committee ordered to seize government offices and
arrest ministers.
• The ‘Aurora’ ship shelled the Winter Palace. Other ships took over strategic points.
• By night, the city had been taken over and ministers had surrendered.
• All Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd approved the Bolshevik action.
• Heavy fighting in Moscow — by December, the Bolsheviks controlled the Moscow -
Petrograd area.
The people involved were Lenin, the Bolsheviks, troops (pro-government).
Effects
• Most industries and banks were nationalised in November 1917.

• Land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land of the
nobility.
• Use of old titles was banned.

• New uniforms were designed for the army and officials.
• Russia became a one-party state.
• Trade unions were kept under party control.
• A process of centralised planning was introduced. This led to economic growth.
• Industrial production increased.

• An extended schooling system developed.
• Collectivisation of farms started.

History Class IX H-41