Page 78 - Understanding NCERT Science 09

Cytoplasm Blood has a fluid (liquid) matrix called
Nucleus plasma, in which red blood corpuscles (RBCs),
white blood corpuscles (WBCs) and platelets
are suspended. The plasma contains proteins,
Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
Different white (polynuclear salts and hormones. Blood flows and
blood corpuscles leucocyte)
transports gases, digested food, hormones
and waste materials to different parts of
the body.
Bone is another example of a connective
Lymphocyte Monocyte Platelets
(a) tissue. It forms the framework that supports
the body. It also anchors the muscles and
Haversian canal
(contains blood vessels supports the main organs of the body. It is a
and nerve fibres) Chondrocyte strong and nonflexible tissue (what would be
Hyaline matrix the advantage of these properties for bone
functions?). Bone cells are embedded in a
hard matrix that is composed of calcium and
phosphorus compounds.
Canaliculus (contains (c) Two bones can be connected to each other
slender process of bone by another type of connective tissue called the
cell or osteocyte)
(b) ligament. This tissue is very elastic. It has
Red blood considerable strength. Ligaments contain
corpuscle
very little matrix and connect bones with
Reticular fibre Fibroblast bones. Tendons connect muscles to bones and
are another type of connective tissue. Tendons
are fibrous tissue with great strength but
limited flexibility.
Another type of connective tissue,
cartilage, has widely spaced cells. The solid
matrix is composed of proteins and sugars.
Macrophage
Cartilage smoothens bone surfaces at joints
and is also present in the nose, ear, trachea
Collagen fibre and larynx. We can fold the cartilage of the ears,
Mast cell Plasma cell
(d) but we cannot bend the bones in our arms.
Think of how the two tissues are different!
Nucleus
Fat droplet
Areolar connective tissue is found between
the skin and muscles, around blood vessels
and nerves and in the bone marrow. It fills
the space inside the organs, supports internal
organs and helps in repair of tissues.
Where are fats stored in our body? Fat-
storing adipose tissue is found below the skin
and between internal organs. The cells of this
tissue are filled with fat globules. Storage of
fats also lets it act as an insulator.
Adipocyte
(e) 6.3.3 MUSCULAR TISSUE

Fig. 6.10: Types of connective tissues: (a) types of blood Muscular tissue consists of elongated cells,
cells, (b) compact bone, (c) hyaline cartilage, also called muscle fibres. This tissue is
(d) areolar tissue, (e) adipose tissue responsible for movement in our body.

TISSUES 67

Rationalised 2023-24